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Menia
To get there, most travel agents drive to Menia via
Sohag to visit Abydos then Menia, or coming from Cairo
to stay in Menia then visit Bani Hassan and Ashmoneen.
- Amarna
The city of Akhenaton at 'AMARNA was erected by AKHENATEN
(r. 1353-1335 B.C.E.) in honor of the god ATEN, and
it became the source of an artistic revolution that
challenged many of the old conventions. The rigid grandeur
of the earlier periods was abandoned in favor of a more
naturalistic style. Royal personages were no longer
made to appear remote or godlike. In many scenes, in
fact, Akhenaton and his queen, NEFERTITI, are depicted
as a loving couple surrounded by their offspring. Physical
deformities are frankly portrayed, or possibly imposed
upon the figures, and the royal household is painted
with protruding bellies, enlarged heads, and peculiar
limbs. The famed painted bust of Nefertiti, however,
demonstrates a mastery that was also reflected in the
magnificent pastoral scenes adorning the palace. Only
fragments remain, but they provide a wondrous range
of animals, plants, and water scenes that stand unrivaled
for anatomical sureness, color, and vitality. The palaces
and temples of 'Amarna were destroyed in later reigns,
by pharaohs such as HOREMHAB (r. 1319-1307 B.C.E.),
who razed the site in order to use the materials for
personal projects of reign.
- Beni Hasan
(Menat-Khufu) A site north of HERMOPOLIS, MAGNA which
was a NOME stronghold in the First Intermediate Period
(2134-2040 B.C.E.) and in the Twelfth Dynasty (1991-1783
B.C.E.), the tombs of the monarchs of the Middle Kingdom
(2040-1640 B.C.E.) were discovered in the upper range
of the Oryx nome necropolis area there, all having elaborate
chambers, columns, and offering chapels, with elegant
vestibules. Some 39 tombs were found. Almost 900 burials
from the Sixth Dynasty (2323-2150 B.C.E.) to the First
Intermediate Period (2134-2040 B.C.E.) are in the lower
cemetery, now stripped of decorations. Thirty-nine Middle
Kingdom TOMBS were also erected on a bluff at Beni Hasan,
but only 12 were decorated. The style of this age employed
a false door and lotus bud columns. Some burial shafts
were also used, as well as columned antechambers. Paintings
depict the gods ANUBIS and OSIRIS in the tombs, as well
as military events, mythical animals, and daily routines.
Noted tombs include those of Kheti, BAKHT, KHNUMHOTEP
(1), and others. These are famous for paintings of historical
events in the area and provide biographical details
of these Middle Kingdom officials. HATSHEPSUT (r. 1473-1458
B.C.E.) started the unique shrine located just to the
south of Beni Hasan. The Greeks named it the
SPEOS ARTEMIDOS and it is now called stabl antar, the
Stable of Antar. The temple on the site was completed
by SETI I (r. 1306-1290 B.C.E.), and it was dedicated
to PAKHET, the lion goddess. The modern name of the
site, Beni Hasan al-Shurruq, is derived from an Arabic
tribe that settled in the region in the 18th century.
Quality limestone is plentiful in the cliffs of the
area.
- Ashmunein:
Ashmunein village is a part of Malawi in Minya, near
the ruins of the city of Khmun in the Paranoiac period,
the Greeks called it: or: Herrmobolis
Magna, the Ashmunein in the ancient history where the
"Khmun God" City also has been based for the
worship of Thoth, the god of wisdom
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